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Life once flourished on Mars, Rover Perseverance finds rocks in a dry riverbed

  
  
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  Our solar system's planet Mars was once a thriving planet. This fact has been revealed by samples collected by NASA's Perseverance rover. Perseverance has found rocks in a dry riverbed that contain possible signs of ancient microscopic life. The research, published Wednesday, is one of the best pieces of evidence yet for the possibility that Mars once had life. However, the minerals found in the samples could also have formed through non-biological processes. Since landing on the Martian surface in 2021, the rover has been searching the Jezero Crater. This is an area in the planet's northern hemisphere that was once filled with water and was home to an ancient lake basin. The rover is searching for signs of ancient life. Perseverance is collecting and analyzing samples of rock and loose material called regolith. The rover retrieved new samples from a site called the Bright Angel Rock Formation. It is called the Sapphire Canyon sample. The formation consists of fine-grained mudstone and coarse-grained conglomerates, a type of rock made up of gravel-sized particles. Joel Hurowitz, a scientist at Stony Brook University, said a potential biosignature has been detected in the billion-year-old rocks. It has emerged as two minerals that appear to have formed as a result of chemical reactions between the soil of the Bright Angel Formation and the organic matter present in it. They are vivianite and gregite. It seems that these reactions occurred soon after the soil was deposited on the surface of the lake. On Earth, such reactions that combine with the organic matter in the soil and chemical reactions form new minerals like vivianite and gregite.
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